ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To optimize the extraction technology fo r phenylethanol glycosides from Cistanche deserticola by natural deep eutectic solvents （NADESs），and to provide reference for the development and utilization of C. deserticola . METHODS The optimal NADESs was selected using total extraction efficiency of echinacoside ，acteoside and isoacteoside as indexes. Based on single factor test ，response surface methodology was used to select the optimal NADESs molar ratio ，the optimal NADESs water content ，the optimal liquid-solid ratio ；and the results were optimized by genetic algorithm . Using vitamin C （VC） as positive control ，the extraction effects of NADESs and traditional solvent （50％ methanol）were compared in respects of extraction efficiency and antioxidant activities. RESULTS The optimal extraction solution was NADES- 11 composed of 1， 4-butanediol and malonic acid. The optimal extraction technology was as follows as the molar ratio of 1，4-butanediol-malonic acid was 1 ∶ 2.5，water content of NADES- 11 was 18％，liquid-solid ratio was 30 mL/g，extraction time was 30 min and extraction temperature was 30 ℃. The extraction efficiency of NADES- 11 was significantly higher than that of 50％ methanol（P＜0.05）. IC 50 values of NADES- 11 extract（261.17 and 744.34 µg/mL）to 1，1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine radical and hydroxyl radical were all lower than those of 50％ methanol extract （420.97 and 1 175.12 μg/mL）. Ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity of Δ 基金项目 内蒙古自治区科技创新引导项目（No.00120209）；内 NADES-11 extract（17.19 and 360.80 mg VC/g ）was higher 蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目 （No.2021MS08011）；内蒙古自治 than that of 50％ methanol extract （10.67 and 228.54 mg 区医疗卫生科技计划项目（No.202201367）；包头医学院“花蕾计划”项 VC/g）. CONCLUSIONS The optimized extraction process of 目（No.HL2021046） phenylethanol glycosides from C. deserticola using NADESs is ＊第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向：中蒙药药效成分。E-mail： environmental，stable and feasible. dongjiani369@126.com
ABSTRACT
Traditional solvents have the shortcomings of toxic, easy to cause environmental pollution, volatile and low extraction rate. In recent years, there have been a lot of researches focusing on deep eutectic solvents (DESs) studies in the field of Chinese materia medica (CMM), especially in the extraction of active ingredients and improvement of stability of unstable compounds. This paper mainly reviews and sorts out the researches on DESs in the field of CMM reported at home and abroad in recent years, so as to provide references for the application of DESs in the field of CMM in the future.
ABSTRACT
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), as a class of novel green solvents, show the promising applications in many fields due to their unique properties such as simple preparation, low cost, environmental friendliness, low volatility, high dissolution power, feasibility of structural design and biodegradability. Recently, DESs have been applied for the extraction, separation and chromatography of active components (flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, alkaloids, quinones, phenolic acids, volatile oil, etc) from Chinese materia medica. This article introduced the preparation and properties of DESs, reviewed the development of DESs applications in the field of traditional Chinese medicine, discussed the existing problems and outlined the general trends as well.
ABSTRACT
Flavonoids have attracted much attention due to their good anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and anti-tumor effects. At present, the extraction of flavonoids is mainly based on organic solvent, while the researches on the use of green and safe solvents are quite limited. Therefore, in the present study, different types of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were applied to investigate their effect on extraction of flavonoids and optimize the process, also investigate the recovery efficiency of DESs and evaluate the recovery method for total flavonoids. The extraction yield of the total flavonoids acted as the comprehensive evaluation indexes, and a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to further optimize the alcohol-based DES extraction conditions. The results showed that the optimized extraction conditions were as follows: water-DES ratio of 27%, solid-liquid ratio of 15 mL·g⁻¹, extraction temperature of 83 °C and extraction time of 42 min in ChCl-glycerol at 1:4 ratio. Under these conditions, the mean experimental value of the extraction yield (75.05 mg·g⁻¹) corresponded well with the predicted value (77.86 mg·g⁻¹). Moreover, these experimental results showed more advantages such as in higher efficiency, economy and environmental protection as compared with previously reported conventional extraction methods. In addition，the recovery yield of the total flavonoids from the DESs extraction solution achieved 97.88% by using AB-8 macroporous resin, and 88.12% desorption ratio can be achieved by 100% ethanol with 5 times resin content. After the above treated DESs were collected, the extraction yield with the same method reached 95.23%, indicating that the method of macroporous resin can be used for efficient and simple recovery and reuse. This study suggests that DESs can be used as a kind of sustainable and efficient natural extraction solvents for extraction of flavonoids from Prunella vulgaris.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the total flavonoids extraction process, solvent extraction rate, solvent recovery, and utilization using a new green solvent that nature deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) extraction of total flavonoids from Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma. Methods The extraction technology of total flavonoids was optimized by response surface methodology. The extraction efficiency of NADESs was evaluated by literature comparison and NADESs was recovered by macroporous resin adsorption. Results The NADESs (mole ratio 1:5) synthesized by sodium acetate and lactic acid was the best medium for extraction. After optimization by response surface methodology, the extraction rate of total flavonoids reached 20.13 mg/g at the best extraction condition of water 22%, extraction time 51 ℃, extraction time 21 min and liquid solid ratio 21 mL/g. The extraction rate of NADESs was significantly higher than the existing methods reported in the literature. The recovery experiments showed that the adsorption efficiency of NAK-9 on total flavonoids (88.67%) was significantly higher than that of D-101 (77.33%), and AB-8 (79.15%). Using methanol as solvent, the total flavonoids in Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma desorption rate was 80.46%. The recovered NADESs can be used for the extraction of total flavonoids in the next round, the extraction rate was 18.79 mg/g, and the recovery and utilization rate of solvent is 94.56%. Conclusion NADESs has the advantages of high efficiency, green environmental protection and can be reused as extraction medium, can be used for the extraction of total flavonoids from Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma. Meanwhile, the result provides a new idea that NADESs as an extraction medium for the extraction of other effective components of traditional Chinese medicine.